Hostage -

The psychological toll is extensive and often lasts long after the physical release:

: Do not run. Drop to the floor, cross your arms, and obey all instructions. Tense rescuers may interpret sudden moves as threats. Negotiation Techniques Hostage

Modern crisis negotiation often uses the "Behavioral-Change Stairway" to move from listening to influence. Key principles include: The psychological toll is extensive and often lasts

: Try to humanize yourself to captors; they are less likely to harm someone they respect. cross your arms

: Do not speak unless spoken to and avoid making pleas on your own behalf. If forced to present demands to authorities, clarify they are from the captors.