The term "transgender" emerged in the 1960s to distinguish gender identity from biological sex, eventually becoming the umbrella term for the community by the 2000s. 2. Essential Terminology
Historical accounts include the Hijra community in India (recorded since 200 BCE) and the five gender roles of the Bugis society in Indonesia.
Transgender women and drag queens led significant early resistance, such as the 1966 Compton’s Cafeteria Riot in San Francisco and the 1969 Stonewall Inn Riots in New York, which sparked the modern LGBTQ rights movement.